Response to Biological Threats; Coping Strategies and Reducing its Consequences

Background and Aim: According to the approaches of global arrogance and some enemies in using biological agents and the outbreak experience of epidemics and pandemics in the past, this study was attempted based on the results of studies and reports present in available sources to develop a coherent defense program along with providing coping strategies against biological agents and reducing their consequences.
Methods: This study was practical in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. This study was designed based on the extraction of available sources and information, and scoping review method was used to integrate the information. In order to search for materials and collect data related to biological threats, reliable websites, and articles were reviewed by the library method. In the following, selected studies were screened and finally, information was extracted based on the required data.
Results: With the opinion of specialists and experts and the review of the lists of biological agents, eight important diseases were selected including anthrax, plague, botulism, smallpox, tularemia, cholera, hemorrhagic fever, and brucellosis and coping strategies were studied in the available texts, guidelines and reports. Based on the results obtained in this research, a biological defense program was presented along with coping strategies against these threats.
Conclusion: The management of biological defense starts before the occurrence of a crisis in the form of predictive, preventive, and proactive measures and continues until the time and after the crisis, including countermeasures and reactions. If these measures are institutionalized in the form of a biological defense program and designed for the country's development (sustainable development), it will reduce vulnerability and create security against biological threats and hazards.